Pathology labs conduct various tests, including blood tests, urine tests, biopsies, cytology (like Pap smears), and microbiology cultures to detect infections and diseases.

A biopsy involves removing a small sample of tissue for microscopic examination to diagnose conditions like cancer, infections, or inflammation.

Most routine test results are available within 24–48 hours, while specialized tests like biopsies may take a few days depending on complexity.

Typically, pathologists work behind the scenes. Patients usually receive results and interpretations through their treating physician, who consults with the pathologist if needed.